The browser version of the tool works flawlessly on nearly every operating system – Android, iOS, Windows, Blackberry – and the support team keeps everything up-to-date constantly. Project management for Mac with the help of SmartSheet is super easy thanks to the robust set of features and the absence of a learning curve. MacOS Big Sur elevates the most advanced desktop operating system in the world to a new level of power and beauty. Experience Mac to the fullest with a refined new design. Enjoy the biggest Safari update ever. Discover new features for Maps and Messages.

PyCharm provides methods for installing, uninstalling, and upgrading Python packages for a particular Python interpreter. By default, PyCharm uses pip to manage project packages. For Conda environments you can use the conda package manager.

In PyCharm, you can preview and manage packages in the Python Packages tool window and in the Python interpreter Settings/Preferences.

Start by building the core ROS packages. Building the catkin Packages. ROS is in the process of converting to the catkin build system, but not all of the packages have been converted and the two build systems cannot be used simultaneously. Therefore it is necessary to build the core ROS packages first (catkin packages) and then the rest. The following two methods both place all of the files in the /usr/local/bin directory in the hard driver. Unfortunately that directory is not in the default path. That means that when you type avrdude into the terminal it cant figure out where to look. In this prep-step you'll change the profile of your Terminal to add /usr/local/bin to the path. Find the Terminal program, you'll be using. /dev: Rammus, Rift to Rift. Rolling out Rammus' high-flyin' update to League PC and Wild Rift took more than a quick copy-paste.

Manage packages in the Python Packages tool window

The Python Packages tool window provides the quickest and neat way to preview and install packages for the currently selected Python interpreter. This window is enabled by default, and you can find it in the lower group of the tool windows. At any time you can open it using the main menu: View Tool Windows Python Packages.

The Python Packages tool window shows installed packages and the packages available in the PyPI repository. Use the Search field to filter out the list of the available packages.

You can preview package documentation in the documentation area, or you can click the Documentation link and open the corresponding resource in a browser.

To delete an installed package, click in the upper-right corner of the Python Package tool window.

Install a package

1. Start typing the package name in the Search field of the Python Package tool window. You should be able to see the number of the matching packages.

2. Expand the list of the available versions in the upper-right corner of the tool window. Select the required version or keep it the latest.

3. Click the Install button next to the version list. Once PyCharm notifies you about successful installation, you should see the package in the list of the installed packages.

Manage packages in the Python interpreter settings

To manage Python packages for the Python interpreter, select the Python Interpreter page in the project Settings/Preferences or select Interpreter Settings in the Python Interpreter selector on the Status bar.

If you select a Python interpreter with the configured Conda environment, the Use Conda Package Manager toggle appears in the packages area toolbar.

Use this toggle to manage packages from the Conda environment repository. By default, this toggle is switched off and you can manage only the packages available with the selected Python interpreter.

Install a package

1. Click the button on the package toolbar.

2. In the Available Packages dialog that opens, preview the list of the available packages.

   To specify a custom repository, including devpi or PyPi, click Manage Repositories.
   In the Manage Repositories dialog that opens, click to add a URL of a local repository, for example, http://localhost:3141/root/pypi/+simple/, then click OK. In the Available Packages dialog, click to reload the list of the packages.

   To install a package from VCS, you need to switch to the Terminal window and execute the following command for the target Python interpreter: pip install git+https://github.com/<rest of the address>. See Installing Python packages from VCS for more details.

3. Type the name of the package to install in the Search field. The list shrinks to show the matching packages only.

4. If required, select the following checkboxes:

   • Specify version: if this checkbox is selected, you can select the desired version from the list of available versions. By default, the latest version is taken.

   • Options: If this checkbox is selected, you can type the pip installcommand-line options in the text field.

   • Install to user's site packages directory <path>: If this checkbox is left cleared (by default), then the packages will be installed into the current interpreter package directory. If the checkbox is selected, the packages will be installed into the specified directory. This option is not available for Conda environments.

5. Select the target package and click Install Package.

If you've got any or error messages, consult the Troubleshooting guide for a solution.

Uninstall a package

1. In the list of the packages, select the packages to be removed.

2. Click Uninstall ( ). The selected packages are removed from disk.

PyCharm smartly tracks the status of packages and recognizes outdated versions by showing the number of the currently installed package version (column Version ), and the latest available version (column Latest version ). When a newer version of a package is detected, PyCharm marks it with the arrow sign and suggests to upgrade it.

By default, the Latest version column shows only stable versions of the packages. If you want to extend the scope of the latest available versions to any pre-release versions (such as beta or release candidate ), click Show early releases.

Upgrade a package

1. In the list of the packages, select the package to be upgraded.

2. Click Upgrade ( ).

   The selected packages are upgraded to the latest available versions.

3. Click OK to complete upgrading.

You can upgrade several packages at once. Hold Cmd (macOS) or Ctrl on (Unix or Windows), left-click to select several items in the list of packages, and then click Upgrade.

If you're accustomed to installing packages from the commands line, you can proceed with your workflow using the Terminal.

Reuse installed packages

• Create a new virtual environment and install packages that you want to be used in other projects. Then you can specify this virtual environment as a Python interpreter for the target project and all the needed packages will be available.

• In the Terminal window execute the following command:

  pip freeze > requirements.txt

  Then add the created requirements.txt file to the target project and PyCharm will prompt you to install the packages listed in the file.

So, you’ve decided to download an older version of Mac OS X. There are many reasons that could point you to this radical decision. To begin with, some of your apps may not be working properly (or simply crash) on newer operating systems. Also, you may have noticed your Mac’s performance went down right after the last update. Finally, if you want to run a parallel copy of Mac OS X on a virtual machine, you too will need a working installation file of an older Mac OS X. Further down we’ll explain where to get one and what problems you may face down the road.

A list of all Mac OS X versions

We’ll be repeatedly referring to these Apple OS versions below, so it’s good to know the basic macOS timeline.

STEP 1. Prepare your Mac for installation

Given your Mac isn’t new and is filled with data, you will probably need enough free space on your Mac. This includes not just space for the OS itself but also space for other applications and your user data. One more argument is that the free space on your disk translates into virtual memory so your apps have “fuel” to operate on. The chart below tells you how much free space is needed.

Note, that it is recommended that you install OS on a clean drive. Next, you will need enough disk space available, for example, to create Recovery Partition. Here are some ideas to free up space on your drive:

• Uninstall large unused apps
• Empty Trash Bin and Downloads
• Locate the biggest files on your computer:

Go to Finder > All My Files > Arrange by size
Then you can move your space hoggers onto an external drive or a cloud storage.
If you aren’t comfortable with cleaning the Mac manually, there are some nice automatic “room cleaners”. Our favorite is CleanMyMac as it’s most simple to use of all. It deletes system junk, old broken apps, and the rest of hidden junk on your drive.

Download CleanMyMac for OS 10.4 - 10.8 (free version)

Download CleanMyMac for OS 10.9 (free version)

Download CleanMyMac for OS 10.10 - 10.14 (free version)

STEP 2. Get a copy of Mac OS X download

Normally, it is assumed that updating OS is a one-way road. That’s why going back to a past Apple OS version is problematic. The main challenge is to download the OS installation file itself, because your Mac may already be running a newer version. If you succeed in downloading the OS installation, your next step is to create a bootable USB or DVD and then reinstall the OS on your computer.

How to download older Mac OS X versions via the App Store

If you once had purchased an old version of Mac OS X from the App Store, open it and go to the Purchased tab. There you’ll find all the installers you can download. However, it doesn’t always work that way. The purchased section lists only those operating systems that you had downloaded in the past. But here is the path to check it:

1. Click the App Store icon.
2. Click Purchases in the top menu.
3. Scroll down to find the preferred OS X version.
4. Click Download.

This method allows you to download Mavericks and Yosemite by logging with your Apple ID — only if you previously downloaded them from the Mac App Store.

Without App Store: Download Mac OS version as Apple Developer

Project Boost (aliimar) Mac Os Catalina

If you are signed with an Apple Developer account, you can get access to products that are no longer listed on the App Store. If you desperately need a lower OS X version build, consider creating a new Developer account among other options. The membership cost is $99/year and provides a bunch of perks unavailable to ordinary users.

Nevertheless, keep in mind that if you visit developer.apple.com/downloads, you can only find 10.3-10.6 OS X operating systems there. Newer versions are not available because starting Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.7, the App Store has become the only source of updating Apple OS versions.

Purchase an older version of Mac operating system

You can purchase a boxed or email version of past Mac OS X directly from Apple. Both will cost you around $20. For the reason of being rather antiquated, Snow Leopard and earlier Apple versions can only be installed from DVD.

Buy a boxed edition of Snow Leopard 10.6
Get an email copy of Lion 10.7
Get an email copy of Mountain Lion 10.8

The email edition comes with a special download code you can use for the Mac App Store. Note, that to install the Lion or Mountain Lion, your Mac needs to be running Snow Leopard so you can install the newer OS on top of it.

How to get macOS El Capitan download

If you are wondering if you can run El Capitan on an older Mac, rejoice as it’s possible too. But before your Mac can run El Capitan it has to be updated to OS X 10.6.8. So, here are main steps you should take:

1. Install Snow Leopard from install DVD.
2. Update to 10.6.8 using Software Update.
3. Download El Capitan here.

“I can’t download an old version of Mac OS X”

Project Boost (aliimar) Mac Os Update

If you have a newer Mac, there is no physical option to install Mac OS versions older than your current Mac model. For instance, if your MacBook was released in 2014, don’t expect it to run any OS released prior of that time, because older Apple OS versions simply do not include hardware drivers for your Mac.

But as it often happens, workarounds are possible. There is still a chance to download the installation file if you have an access to a Mac (or virtual machine) running that operating system. For example, to get an installer for Lion, you may ask a friend who has Lion-operated Mac or, once again, set up a virtual machine running Lion. Then you will need to prepare an external drive to download the installation file using OS X Utilities.

After you’ve completed the download, the installer should launch automatically, but you can click Cancel and copy the file you need. Below is the detailed instruction how to do it.

STEP 3. Install older OS X onto an external drive

The following method allows you to download Mac OS X Lion, Mountain Lion, and Mavericks.

1. Start your Mac holding down Command + R.
2. Prepare a clean external drive (at least 10 GB of storage).
3. Within OS X Utilities, choose Reinstall OS X.
4. Select external drive as a source.
5. Enter your Apple ID.

Now the OS should start downloading automatically onto the external drive. After the download is complete, your Mac will prompt you to do a restart, but at this point, you should completely shut it down. Now that the installation file is “captured” onto your external drive, you can reinstall the OS, this time running the file on your Mac.

1. Boot your Mac from your standard drive.
2. Connect the external drive.
3. Go to external drive > OS X Install Data.

Locate InstallESD.dmg disk image file — this is the file you need to reinstall Lion OS X. The same steps are valid for Mountain Lion and Mavericks.

How to downgrade a Mac running later macOS versions

If your Mac runs macOS Sierra 10.12 or macOS High Sierra 10.13, it is possible to revert it to the previous system if you are not satisfied with the experience. You can do it either with Time Machine or by creating a bootable USB or external drive.
Instruction to downgrade from macOS Sierra

Instruction to downgrade from macOS High Sierra

Instruction to downgrade from macOS Mojave

Instruction to downgrade from macOS Catalina

Project Boost (aliimar) Mac Os Download

Before you do it, the best advice is to back your Mac up so your most important files stay intact. In addition to that, it makes sense to clean up your Mac from old system junk files and application leftovers. The easiest way to do it is to run CleanMyMac X on your machine (download it for free here).

Project Boost (aliimar) Mac Os X

Visit your local Apple Store to download older OS X version

If none of the options to get older OS X worked, pay a visit to nearest local Apple Store. They should have image installations going back to OS Leopard and earlier. You can also ask their assistance to create a bootable USB drive with the installation file. So here you are. We hope this article has helped you to download an old version of Mac OS X. Below are a few more links you may find interesting.